Efficient energy consumption is crucial for achieving sustainable energy goals in the era of climate change and grid modernization. Thus, it is vital to understand how energy is consumed at finer resolutions such as household in order to plan demand-response events or analyze the impacts of weather, electricity prices, electric vehicles, solar, and occupancy schedules on energy consumption. However, availability and access to detailed energy-use data, which would enable detailed studies, has been rare. In this paper, we release a unique, large-scale, synthetic, residential energy-use dataset for the residential sector across the contiguous United States covering millions of households. The data comprise of hourly energy use profiles for synthetic households, disaggregated into Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCL) and appliance use. The underlying framework is constructed using a bottom-up approach. Diverse open-source surveys and first principles models are used for end-use modeling. Extensive validation of the synthetic dataset has been conducted through comparisons with reported energy-use data. We present a detailed, open, high-resolution, residential energy-use dataset for the United States.

疏散计划是灾难管理的关键部分，其目标是将人员搬迁到安全和减少伤亡。每个疏散计划都有两个基本组件：路由和调度。但是，这两个组件与目标的联合优化，例如最大程度地减少平均疏散时间或疏散完成时间，这是一个计算问题上的问题。为了解决它，我们提出了MIP-LNS，这是一种可扩展的优化方法，将启发式搜索与数学优化结合在一起，并可以优化各种目标函数。我们使用来自德克萨斯州休斯敦的哈里斯县的现实世界道路网络和人口数据，并应用MIP-LNS来查找该地区的疏散路线和时间表。我们表明，在给定的时间限制内，我们提出的方法在平均疏散时间，疏散完成时间和解决方案的最佳保证方面找到了比现有方法更好的解决方案。我们在研究区域进行基于代理的疏散模拟，以证明解决方案的功效和鲁棒性。我们表明，即使撤离人员在一定程度上偏离了建议的时间表，我们的规定疏散计划仍然有效。我们还研究了疏散计划如何受到道路故障的影响。我们的结果表明，MIP-LN可以使用有关道路估计截止日期的信息，以成功，方便地撤离更多人，以提出更好的疏散计划。

在\ citet {gupta2009differential}中观察到，在差异隐私下，设置覆盖问题具有强烈的不可能结果。在我们的工作中，我们观察到，当我们转向部分设定盖问题时，这些硬度结果就会消失，因为我们只需要覆盖宇宙中元素的$ \ rho $分数，对于某些$ \ rho \ in（0） ，1）$。我们表明，这种放松使我们能够避免不可能的结果：在输入集系统上的松散条件下，我们提供了差异化的私有算法，该算法会输出具有非平衡近似保证的显式集盖。特别是，这是第一个差异私有算法，该算法会输出显式设置盖。使用我们的部分套件套件作为子例程，我们为设施位置问题提供了差异性（双晶型）近似算法，该算法将$ k $ cum-center/$ k $ -supplier与异常值进行概括。与设定盖问题一样，由于高灵敏度和不可能的结果，没有算法能够为$ k $ center/$ k $ - $ supplier-type设施问题提供非平整保证。我们的算法表明，放宽覆盖要求仅服务于人口的$ \ rho $分数，以$ \ rho \ in（0,1）$，使我们能够绕开固有的硬度。总体而言，我们的工作是解决和理解不可能结果的重要一步，以私人组合优化。

Deep learning techniques with neural networks have been used effectively in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to obtain solutions to nonlinear differential equations. This paper presents a physics-informed neural network (PINN) approach to solve the Blasius function. This method eliminates the process of changing the non-linear differential equation to an initial value problem. Also, it tackles the convergence issue arising in the conventional series solution. It is seen that this method produces results that are at par with the numerical and conventional methods. The solution is extended to the negative axis to show that PINNs capture the singularity of the function at $\eta=-5.69$

Recently, deep networks have shown impressive performance for the segmentation of cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images. However, their achievement is proving slow to transition to widespread use in medical clinics because of robustness issues leading to low trust of clinicians to their results. Predicting run-time quality of segmentation masks can be useful to warn clinicians against poor results. Despite its importance, there are few studies on this problem. To address this gap, we propose a quality control method based on the agreement across decoders of a multi-view network, TMS-Net, measured by the cosine similarity. The network takes three view inputs resliced from the same 3D image along different axes. Different from previous multi-view networks, TMS-Net has a single encoder and three decoders, leading to better noise robustness, segmentation performance and run-time quality estimation in our experiments on the segmentation of the left atrium on STACOM 2013 and STACOM 2018 challenge datasets. We also present a way to generate poor segmentation masks by using noisy images generated with engineered noise and Rician noise to simulate undertraining, high anisotropy and poor imaging settings problems. Our run-time quality estimation method show a good classification of poor and good quality segmentation masks with an AUC reaching to 0.97 on STACOM 2018. We believe that TMS-Net and our run-time quality estimation method has a high potential to increase the thrust of clinicians to automatic image analysis tools.

Speech systems are sensitive to accent variations. This is especially challenging in the Indian context, with an abundance of languages but a dearth of linguistic studies characterising pronunciation variations. The growing number of L2 English speakers in India reinforces the need to study accents and L1-L2 interactions. We investigate the accents of Indian English (IE) speakers and report in detail our observations, both specific and common to all regions. In particular, we observe the phonemic variations and phonotactics occurring in the speakers' native languages and apply this to their English pronunciations. We demonstrate the influence of 18 Indian languages on IE by comparing the native language pronunciations with IE pronunciations obtained jointly from existing literature studies and phonetically annotated speech of 80 speakers. Consequently, we are able to validate the intuitions of Indian language influences on IE pronunciations by justifying pronunciation rules from the perspective of Indian language phonology. We obtain a comprehensive description in terms of universal and region-specific characteristics of IE, which facilitates accent conversion and adaptation of existing ASR and TTS systems to different Indian accents.

Developing and least developed countries face the dire challenge of ensuring that each child in their country receives required doses of vaccination, adequate nutrition and proper medication. International agencies such as UNICEF, WHO and WFP, among other organizations, strive to find innovative solutions to determine which child has received the benefits and which have not. Biometric recognition systems have been sought out to help solve this problem. To that end, this report establishes a baseline accuracy of a commercial contactless palmprint recognition system that may be deployed for recognizing children in the age group of one to five years old. On a database of contactless palmprint images of one thousand unique palms from 500 children, we establish SOTA authentication accuracy of 90.85% @ FAR of 0.01%, rank-1 identification accuracy of 99.0% (closed set), and FPIR=0.01 @ FNIR=0.3 for open-set identification using PalmMobile SDK from Armatura.

In this paper, we study the effect of a novel regularization scheme on contrastive language-image pre-trained (CLIP) models. Our approach is based on the observation that, in many domains, text tokens should only describe a small number of image regions and, likewise, each image region should correspond to only a few text tokens. In CLIP-style models, this implies that text-token embeddings should have high similarity to only a small number of image-patch embeddings for a given image-text pair. We formalize this observation using a novel regularization scheme that penalizes the entropy of the text-token to image-patch similarity scores. We qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrate that the proposed regularization scheme shrinks the text-token and image-patch similarity scores towards zero, thus achieving the desired effect. We demonstrate the promise of our approach in an important medical context where this underlying hypothesis naturally arises. Using our proposed approach, we achieve state of the art (SOTA) zero-shot performance on all tasks from the CheXpert chest x-ray dataset, outperforming an unregularized version of the model and several recently published self-supervised models.

Accomplishing safe and efficient driving is one of the predominant challenges in the controller design of connected automated vehicles (CAVs). It is often more convenient to address these goals separately and integrate the resulting controllers. In this study, we propose a controller integration scheme to fuse performance-based controllers and safety-oriented controllers safely for the longitudinal motion of a CAV. The resulting structure is compatible with a large class of controllers, and offers flexibility to design each controller individually without affecting the performance of the others. We implement the proposed safe integration scheme on a connected automated truck using an optimal-in-energy controller and a safety-oriented connected cruise controller. We validate the premise of the safe integration through experiments with a full-scale truck in two scenarios: a controlled experiment on a test track and a real-world experiment on a public highway. In both scenarios, we achieve energy efficient driving without violating safety.

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is characterized by disorganised electrical activity in the atria and is known to be sustained by the presence of regions of fibrosis (scars) or functional cellular remodeling, both of which may lead to areas of slow conduction. Estimating the effective conductivity of the myocardium and identifying regions of abnormal propagation is therefore crucial for the effective treatment of AF. We hypothesise that the spatial distribution of tissue conductivity can be directly inferred from an array of concurrently acquired contact electrograms (EGMs). We generate a dataset of simulated cardiac AP propagation using randomised scar distributions and a phenomenological cardiac model and calculate contact electrograms at various positions on the field. A deep neural network, based on a modified U-net architecture, is trained to estimate the location of the scar and quantify conductivity of the tissue with a Jaccard index of $91$%. We adapt a wavelet-based surrogate testing analysis to confirm that the inferred conductivity distribution is an accurate representation of the ground truth input to the model. We find that the root mean square error (RMSE) between the ground truth and our predictions is significantly smaller ($p_{val}=0.007$) than the RMSE between the ground truth and surrogate samples.